Crushing apparatus.



l. BERO.

CRUSHING APPARATUS.

APPL1c/1T1o11 1111511 01u13. 1912.

- Www 1111 wamasses l1. BOERO. CRUSHING NPPARATUS. APPLICATION man Dsc. 13. 1912.

Patented Aug. 31, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

JOSEPH BOERO, 01E' NEW YU b1. 1l

CUSHING P t Snecicatton of Letters Patent.

. Patented Aug. 31,1915..

.Application tiled December 13, 1912. Serial`-No. 736,492.

To all whom t may concern Be it known'that 1 -JosErH BoERo, a cit1- zen of the United tates, residing in the borough of Manhattan, city, county, and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Crushing Apparatus, of which the following is a description.

This invention relates to apparatusfor breaking and crushing various materlals, and has particular reference to the arrangement of the crushing units in the apparatus whereby new and improved results are obtained.

Among the objects of my invention may be noted the following: to provide an apparatus with a plurality of crushing units so arranged as to reduce the wear and tear upon the apparatus and at the 'same time eii'ectively reduce, to the desired tineness, the substance to be acted upon; to provide an apparatus with crushing units arranged relatively to each other so that, by their cooperative action, a zone of crushing action is produced in the .apparatus remote from and independent of the crushing units; and to provide certain details of construction and arrangements of parts such that the new and improved results are obtained effectively, rapidly, positivelyA and at greatly reduced expdense.

With the above objects in view, and others which will be detailed during the course of this description, my invention relates to the combinations of elements hereinafter described and claimed.

ln order that my invention may be clearly understood, l have provided drawings wherein:

Figure 1 is a vertical, central section of an apparatus embodying my invention; and

Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Referring to the drawings, it will be seen that the frame or the apparatus is made up of a plurality of plates bolted together so as to be readily assembled and so that certain of them may be removed for the purpose of inspecting, cleaning, or repairing the mechanism. The frame when made up is composed principally of the, side supporting plates orvcastings 1, carrying the lower half of the'bearings 2, the upper half of which bearings are carried by the side middleplates 3, mounted upon the supportingplates 1 and bolted thereto in any suitable manner. Front and back supporting-plates 4 and 5, respectively, have apertures or openings therein closed by slides 6, which 'can be moved or removed for inspection of the interior of the apparatus when desired. The bottom of the frame is open below the gratebar or screen 7, the latter being carried upon the supporting-plates in any suitable manner. Front and back middle-plates 8 and` 9, respectively, coperate with the opposite middle-plates 3, and are bolted together in any suitable manner. lThe side middleplates 3 are extended vertically to provide the lower half of bearings 10, the upper half of which bearings are carried by the top side-plates 11 of the frame. The front middle-plate 8 supports and has bolted thereto the lower half of a curved plate 12, forming part of 'a housing, the upper half of which latter is completed by the curved plate 13, bolted in suitable manner to'plate 12..` The back middle-plate 9 supports an angular plate formed at its top into a curved portion 14, forming part of a housing, the upper half of which is formed by the curved plate 15, bolted in suitable manner. to the plate 14. The housings just described support the plates making up a housing for the chute, which also supports a hopper, neither of which is shown, but which are common to my crusher heretofore patented.

The j ournal-bearings 2 support a shaft 16, carrying at one end a belt-pulley 17, and at its opposite end a balance-wheel 18, and between its ends, within the frame and above Vthe grate or screen 7, a pair ofdisks 19,

suitably spaced apart and fixed to said shaft so as to rotate therewith. The disks are preferably provided with projections 20, in which are journaled the opposite ends of a series of angular hammers 21, said hammers being free to turn relatively to the disks, but being kept extended radially relatively to the disks by centrifugal action during the rotation of the latter. rlhe hammers 21 are equi-distantly spaced apart around the periphery of the disks, as clearly shown in Fig. 1 of the drawings, and span the space between said disks. Arranged adjacent to the path of travel of, and cooperating with, the hammers 21 are a plurality of breakingplates 22, arranged in any manner desired, providing only the same be set and disposed in such manner that the substances to be crushed may be received upon them when tecting-plates 23 may be arranged above and below the same solas to prevent wear and'tearupon the frame-plates or castings 9 and 14. The lining or protecting-plates and the breaking-plates are arranged at the rear of the machine andare in position such,

that they receive the direct impact of the crushed substances when the latter are driven thereagainst' by the hammers in their revolution in the direction of the arrow a, Fig. 1. Lining or protecting-plates 24 one or more, may also be bolted to the front Vplates 8 and 12, in coperative relation to the revolving hammers, to prevent the con- 'tact of the crushed substances from injuring or wearing said frame-plates. In operation of the apparatus, the hammer-disks 19 are given a veryrapid rotation and, in conse-v quence, the hammers, in their revolution, produce a phantomatic drum which is of very large diameter and practically fills the space between the lates 1, 3, 4, 5 8 and 9 of the frame of t e apparatus above the grate or screen 7. The Ioutline of this drum is shown by dotted lines in Fig. 1.

In the bearings 10, of which there are two sets, one arranged at the front and the other arranged at the back of the apparatus, are journaled shafts 25 and 26, one of which carries a driving-pulley 27 and the other of which carries a driving-pulley 28. Each of the shafts carries a pair of hammerdisks, one pair being indicated by 29 and the other by 30, and the former being carried by the shaft 25,V in the housing formed yby the curved plates 12 and 13. while the other one30 is carried by the shaft 26, in the housing formed by the curved plates 14 and 15. Each pair of disks 29 and 30 is formed similarlyto the pair of disks 19 and has a plurality of hammers 31 and 32, respectively, journaled thereon in the same manner that the hammers 21 are journaled on the disks 19, and the mode of operation of said hammers 31 and 32 being the same as the operation of the hammers 21.

As shown in the drawings, the pairs of disks 29 and 30 are arranged oppositely to each other o n opposite sides of a central line drawn vertically between the housings '12, 13, and 14, 15, and are, in consequence,

offset from, or out of vertical alinement with, the disks 19 and hammers 21, relatively tothe front andrear of the apparatus. Each of the sets `of hammers 31 and-32 is revolved very rapidly in the operation of the apparatus and produces a phantomatic drum, the outlines of which are indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 1, the direction of movement of the respective setsof hammers being indicated by the arrows b and c.

means of a single belt, driven from any.

suitable source of ower, illustrated diagrammatically only yby the dotted-line representation 33, Fig. 1. This belt passes over the pulley 28, of the shaft 26, down to and under the pulley 17, of the shaft 16, and upwardly over the pulley 27, of the shaft 25, and thence back to the prime mover, the beginning and ending of the belt being indicated, as to its direction of movement, by the arrows d and e. Thus the hammers 31 and 32 are caused to be driven, by a single belt or device, in opposite directions so as to act simultaneously upon the same mass of the substance to be crushed and so as to drive the crushed substance with great force down upon they hammers 21, which, as before noted, revolve in the direction ofthe arrow a, or in the same angular direction as the hammers b.

As shown in the drawings, the two sets of hammers, 31 and 32, are arranged considerably above and remote from the hammers 21, thus leaving between the latterand'the sets of hammers 31 and 32 a large crushing space or zone, indicated by the numeral 100, in which the particles of crushed rock, for example, driven down by the sets of hammers 31 and 32, into engagement with the hammers 21, and driven back by the latter upon succeeding masses of downrushing crushed rock, may be caused to engage forcibly with each other and be still more finely broken up before finally passing the hammers 21 to be sifted through the grate or screen 7. 1n other words, the large zone 100 is creat d between the sets of hammers 31 and 32 on'tlie one side and 21 on the other side for the purpose of enabling the hammers 21, in their operation, to project upwardly large portions of the broken and crushed substance into contact with other broken and crushed substances which are being projected downwardly by and between the sets of hammers 31 and 32. This results in a pulverizing action of the large, unbroken parts of the rock in a zone remote from the several sets of hammers and independently of the breaking and crushing action of the latter upon the stone. This cooperative action of the several sets of hammers, which imposes, upon the broken and crushed particles of the rock to be delivered from the apparatus, an automatic and selfpulverizing action, is an important feature of my invention, sincel it relieves the apparatus of a great deal of wear and tear, prolongs the life of the hammers, breakingplates and lining or protecting-plates, reduces vibration and noise in the apparatus, and produces in the machine, independently of its breaking and crushing elements, a pulverizing and crushing action or operation maaier paratus and its capability of reception; but,

any substance which will pass the chutespace A, ycan be taken care of by the cooperating hammers 31 and 32 and the hammers 21; and the several sets of hammers will continue to operate upon the rock or other substances by driving broken particles into engagement with each other in the zone 100 until such particles have been so reduced as to enable them to pass through the screen or grate 7 which, of course, willbe of a size predetermined for the particular object in'hand.

By journaling the hammers upon the several carrying disks, the latter are not subjected to so much strain, wear and impact; and by Vrunning the driving-belt 33 around the several pulleys, as indicated, a single driving-device can be employed by which to obtain the proper direction of movement of the several sets of hammers for their cooperative functional purposes. This is an important feature of my invention, since it it is simple, direct and effective and permits the several pulleys to slip relatively to the driving-belt 1n the event of excessive retarding action being imposed upon the sets of hammers. This avoids breaking or choking the machine and also enables the continued action of those sets of hammers not from choking and the instant picking up/ and driving of the retarded sets of hammers, when the retarding influence has been removed.

A great many details of the frame and other nonessential features have been omitted from the drawings in order not to confuse the same with the important features of my invention, as above pointed out, and also in order to simplify the drawings; and it remains only to be noted that my apparatus is adapted to crush, reduce and pulverize or granulate practically every known substance, and that all parts of the machine are accessible upon removing the plates 8, 9, 12, 13, 14 and 15. I

Having thus described my invention, what l claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A crusher having, in combination, a plurality of sets of pivotally-supported revolving hammers; means for actuating said hammers in opposing directions; said sets of hammers being arranged relatively so as to produce between them a large unobstructed zone in which particles of the substance to be crushed may be driven against each other by the action of the hammers; and breaking-plates at opposite sides of said zone in coperative relation to one of said hammers for aiding in the crushing action.

2. A crusher having, in combination, a rectangular frame, a plurality of sets of pivotally-supported hammersarranged in said frame in juxtaposition to each other and extending from side to side of said frame so as to act upon a substance to be crushed and passing between them; said frame also having an unobstructed passage leading to said hammers; another set of similar hammers arranged beneath the beforementioned hammers and in the path of the broken substance passing between the latter; and means for revolving the several sets of hammers.

3. A crusher having, in combination, a plurality of sets of movably mounted hammers arranged in triangular relation to each other and one of the sets of hammers being below the other two, said crusher also having an unobstructed passage leading to said other two sets of hammers; means for revolving said hammers permitting movement of the latter independently of said means; and said hammers forming between them a large unobstructed zone in which particles of the substance to be crushed'may be driven against each other by the combined action of the hammers.

4. A crusher having, in combination, a plurality of sets of disks, each set carrying a plurality of pivotally-supported ham mers, two of said sets of disks being arranged in substantially the same horizontal plane, while another of said sets of disks is arranged below but offset laterally from the path of travel of the substance between the other two sets of disks, and with its hammers operating in the path of movement of the substance acted upon by the hammers of the said two sets of disks; and means for giving to the several sets of hammers revolving movements.

5. A crusher having, in combination, two sets of revolving hammers of substantially the same size and arranged so as to have cooperative action upon the substance passing between them; another set of hammers arranged remote from the said two sets of hammers, but in coperative relation thereto for action upon and reception of the substances passing between said two sets of hammers; the last-named set of hammers being of greater diameter than the first-named two sets of hammers, and the arrangement of the hammers being such as to provide between them a large unobstructed zone in whichl particles of thesubstance to be' signed my name in the presence of two subcrushed may be driven against eaeh other scribing Witnesses.

by the action-of the hammers' and breaking plates arranged in coperative relation to JOS BOERO' 5 the said-last-named set of hammers, substan- Witnesses:

tially as described; CHAS. MCC. CHAPMAN,

In testimony whereof I have hereunto ,i M. HERsKovrrz. 

